Parasnath Temple (Shikharji, Giridih): A Sacred Pilgrimage Destination
Nestled in the lush green hills of Jharkhand, Parasnath Temple (Shikharji, Giridih) stands as a sacred and historical site of immense religious significance. Considered the holiest pilgrimage destination for Jains, Shikharji is believed to be the nirvana site of 20 out of 24 Tirthankaras. Situated atop Parasnath Hill, the highest peak in Jharkhand, this temple complex attracts thousands of devotees and spiritual seekers every year.
The journey to this revered temple is not just a religious quest but also an opportunity to witness breathtaking natural beauty. With dense forests, scenic landscapes, and a serene atmosphere, Shikharji offers an experience that combines spirituality with adventure.
The Religious Significance of Parasnath Temple
Parasnath Temple, also known as Shikharji, holds great importance in Jainism. According to Jain scriptures, twenty Tirthankaras, including Lord Parshvanatha, attained moksha (liberation) here. The name “Shikharji” translates to “the venerable peak,” which signifies its sacred status in Jain traditions.
For Jains, visiting this temple is equivalent to attaining great religious merit. It is believed that a pilgrimage to Shikharji can lead to the purification of the soul and pave the way toward liberation. The site is deeply revered, and devotees undertake rigorous rituals and parikrama (circumambulation) as part of their spiritual journey.
The History of Parasnath Temple
Shikharji’s history dates back thousands of years, with references found in ancient Jain texts. The temple is associated with Lord Parshvanatha, the 23rd Tirthankara, who is believed to have attained nirvana here. Over the centuries, Shikharji has been a key pilgrimage site for both Digambara and Śvētāmbara sects of Jainism.
During the medieval period, several Jain rulers and wealthy merchants contributed to the development of the temple. The region’s rulers, including those from the Pal dynasty, supported and maintained the temple, ensuring its preservation as a key Jain heritage site.
The Trek to Shikharji: A Journey of Devotion
Reaching Parasnath Temple is not just a simple visit; it is a spiritual trek that requires physical endurance and unwavering devotion. The temple is located at an altitude of 1,365 meters (4,478 feet) on Parasnath Hill, the highest point in Jharkhand.
There are two main routes to reach the temple:
- Madhuban Route (Giridih side) – This is the most popular and well-maintained route, starting from Madhuban, a village known for its Jain heritage. The trek is approximately 27 km (round trip) and can take 6 to 8 hours to complete. Pilgrims often walk barefoot as a mark of devotion.
- Dumri Route (Via Isri Bazar) – This is a shorter but steeper route, covering around 9 km one way. Though less frequently used, it offers an alternative for those seeking a faster ascent.
Most pilgrims prefer to walk up the hill, chanting prayers and meditating along the way. However, for those unable to trek, dolis (palanquins) and ponies are available.
The Temple Complex and Architectural Beauty
The Parasnath Temple complex comprises several shrines and tonks (small temples), each marking the spot where a Tirthankara attained nirvana. The main temple, dedicated to Lord Parshvanatha, features a serene idol of the Tirthankara in a meditative posture.
The architecture of the temple is a beautiful blend of ancient and modern Jain styles. The white marble structures, intricate carvings, and the peaceful surroundings create a divine atmosphere. Some notable tonks in the temple complex include:
- Shitalnath Tonk – Dedicated to the 10th Tirthankara, Lord Shitalnath.
- Vasupujya Tonk – Marks the spot where the 12th Tirthankara, Lord Vasupujya, attained nirvana.
- Chandraprabha Tonk – Associated with Lord Chandraprabha, the 8th Tirthankara.
Each tonk is a reminder of the spiritual journey and enlightenment of these revered figures.
The Best Time to Visit Parasnath Temple
While Shikharji is open throughout the year, the best time to visit is between October and March. The weather during these months remains pleasant, making the trek more comfortable. Summers can be hot and humid, while monsoons make the trails slippery.
Rules and Guidelines for Pilgrims
Since Parasnath Temple is a sacred Jain pilgrimage site, visitors are expected to follow certain rules and guidelines:
- Footwear is not allowed beyond a certain point. Pilgrims usually trek barefoot as a mark of respect.
- Non-vegetarian food, alcohol, and smoking are strictly prohibited in and around the temple premises.
- Silence and discipline are encouraged to maintain the sanctity of the site.
- Photography is restricted in certain areas to preserve the spiritual ambiance.
How to Reach Parasnath Temple
- By Train: The nearest railway station is Parasnath Railway Station, located around 25 km from Madhuban. Trains from major cities like Kolkata, Patna, and Delhi stop here.
- By Road: Regular buses and taxis operate from Giridih, Dhanbad, and Ranchi.
- By Air: The closest airport is Birsa Munda Airport in Ranchi (170 km away). From there, one can take a taxi or bus to reach Madhuban.
Conclusion
Parasnath Temple (Shikharji, Giridih) is more than just a place of worship; it is a spiritual retreat, a historical landmark, and a symbol of Jain devotion. The temple’s rich history, religious significance, and breathtaking location make it a must-visit destination for devotees and travelers alike.
A visit to this holy site is not just about seeking blessings but also about experiencing peace, inner transformation, and a deep connection with nature. Whether you are a devout Jain or someone looking for an enriching spiritual journey, Parasnath Temple offers an unforgettable experience.
